Earring



J. M CAN N EARRING Sept. 16; 1952 2 SHEETSr-SHEET 1 Filed Feb; 20, 1948mvmon Judith McCann Sept. 16, 1952 J, MOCANN. 2,610,486

EARRING Filed Feb. 20, 1948 ,2 SHEETSSHEET 2 INVENTOR Judi 1h Mc'ann 4Patented Sept. 16, 1952 EARRING Judith Mcoann; New York, N. Y.

Application Febru r 20, 1948, Serial No. 9,819

Thisinvention relates to-an earringsuppo'rt and to a combination earringsupport and orna ment. In one aspect, thisjinvention-relates to anearring support for holding an ornament adjacent the lobe oi? a humanear, and which includes a saddle engageable in the concha' of the pinnaof the ear for carrying the weight of the Claims;

support and ornament, a body portion overlying an exterior portion ofthe pinna, and' 'a retainer which is adapted to engage loosely behindthe lobe of the pinna to prevent the displacement of the earring fromthe ear during use." f g 'It is an object of the invention toprovidesu'ch an earring; in which the support is formed prin cipally ofan elongated, or attenuated 'p iece of material, such as wire, which isdeformable at the points where adjustment'is necessary, or desirable, toadapt the device to ears'o'fdifferent configurationsand so that theretainer can be shaped to fit loosely behind the lobe without exertingpressure'thereon. a

It is a further object of the invention to pro vide such an earringsupport and mounting wherein the support is formed from a continuouslength of material, such as wire, one free end thereof being secured toanother portion to form a relatively rigid portion of the body;

Another object is to provide such an earring support in which this freeend is secured to a contiguous part of the bodyportion by apressedonclamp.

It is still another object to provide such an earringsupport'in whichthe free end and a contiguous portion of the body are held in engagementby a clamp which is provided with'an extended portion or flap forsupporting the rnament I [It is another objectto-provide a novel fiapconstruction in which the flap is formed integrally with a clampportion, which is secured to the support, and extendstherefromadjacentbutfree from, the body of the support and provides positive retention of the ornament inplace' on the flap 1 2-'.-. .1. It isan additionai object-to provide such an earring in which thesupport,flap, andornament are secured togetherin a novel manner so that theornament will be anchored securely against displacement during use.

It is a further object to-provide such a flap whichis parti'cularl yadapted for supporting the ornament and which'fincludes "a clamp portionintegrally formed therewith that is crimpe'd'to '8 free end and acontiguous portion; of the body thus making it unnecessary toprovideaii' (Willtion on'a right human ear;

v 2 k iary structure for supporting the decoratio' and eliminating thenecessity for soldering or sun; ilar constructional operations. v I Withthese and other objects which will "be come. apparent as the-descriptionor the par-'- ticular embodiments of the invention disclosed in the,drawingsand described herein progresses, the invention resides in thecombination and'afrangement of parts v disclosed in the drawings, as:scribed in the specification; and'recite'd in the claims. p I 1 1 p1; Inthe drawings which illustrate the best forms the invention now knowntome: v r A,

Fig. 1 is an elevational view showing'the ea ring support andornament'securingb si- Fig-2 is an enlarged sectional view tak'en longline-2'-2 of Figl;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view takenalongi me 3- 3 oiFig'.2;" q I g. 4 is asectional view taken along line of'Fig.1; j Fig. 5 is an enlargedsectional view taken long line 5 5 of Fig. 3; p i I: h [I Fig. 6 is anenlarged sectional view taken along line6-6ofFig.3;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken-along line 1'! of Fig. 1; TFig. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the earring support; F a YFig. 9' is an enlarged perspective view of the decoration supportingflap before being'c'rimped in position on the earring support shown inFig. 8; I Fig. 10 is a modified form oi-the decoration supporting flapshown in Fig. 9 and I Fig. 11 is anenlarged' sectional view through theornament supporting flap with an ornament shown in position thereon, theplane of thefsec tion being suchv as is indicated byline H- I to! Fig10. J 1 j In order to illustrate best anexemplary con structionand'applicati'on of the earring support, Ifhave shown one form appliedto the pinna of a right human ear. It is the earring supports are 'to-beprovided in pairs 7 adapted to fit the 'right and left ears;respectively.

For the purpose of describing and illustrating the present invention,Ihave designated thecoinf ponent parts of the ear as follows: The'p'inna, or external portion ofthe ear, is indicated gen erally by thereference character -A;" the concna; by the reference character E; thetragus, bythe reference character F; the-anti-tr'agus; by the referencecharacter G; the inner wall,ro'r face,

tofbe understood that I of the tragus, by the reference character K; theinner wall, or face, of the anti-tragus, by the reference character J;the lobe, by the reference character H; and the junction of the lobe, orlower portion of the pinna, and the head, by the reference character I.I have termed the junction of the surfaces of the tragus and theantitragus within the concha as inner U of the pinna and designated itby the reference character M, and have termeclethe junction ,ofthesurfaces f the outerporti'ons of the tragus and anti-tragus as theouter U, designated by L.

The inner U usually is depressed at its center, as indicated in thedrawing at M, below the point where its faces join the inner face K ofthe tragus F and the inner face J of the anti-tragus G. The lowerportion of the outer U,,L, usually.is somewhat above the bottom of theinner U, 'M, and is so indicated in the drawing.

A support l0, shown in Figs. 1 to 8 is formed .ofclongated .orattenuated .material which is .de- 'IQrmable-nt those points whereadjustment may be desired as describedbclow. :Qfteminpractice, .it-iismore-convenient to construct theentire support from deformable material,as for example, from :single length .of wire. .Inrorder .tonarry the weiht the earring, the upper .end of the support ,-l-,0'.-i s;providedwitha -.sadd1 e =12 .(Fiss. 1 xandd) which is adaptedtofit within the.concha .01 zthe ear and @119 seat .on. the .inner faces K-and J of thetragus F and anti-tragus G, respectively. z'l-his-saddlecomprises aforwardly-extending Wing loop [4 and a rearwardly extending wing loopl5, oppositely disposed with respect .to the centerportion zor-big-ht-.l;8- of the saddle 1 2.

.The length of metal, or other material, which fer-ms the .saddle 1-2extends from, the ,bight it of the saddle generally forwardly andupwardly, .as at. fir-1mg. :8) and in the opposite, direction rearwardlyand upwardly, as at 15, is bent back upon itself at each end, as at .L'!and J9, and returns to the bight 8 to form the forwardand :rcanlocps J 4and 11.5, respectively.

The effective center line CL (Figs. 3 and 4.) ofrthc sadd w ich iscurved in. the vertical plane and extends lengthwise of thersaddle J2,curves inwardly :oneach side of the center .orbight is of the saddle l2and then passes, preferably, through points .of inflectionnear .eachendof the saddle as the direction of curvature ohanges.

Inorder-that the loops of the saddle ,may .con- .formzmorfi closely :tothe shape of the inner faces Vand-=J.-,of the tragus and anti-tra us,respectively, the individual wires of the forward and ,ifianloops L4 and1-6 are positioned .so that the plane which, they define appears to havebeen twisted, or rotated, from, the :horizontal, for example, about thecenter linecc -L, asshown, respectiyely, in Figs. .6 and-,5. In-otherwords, assuming thexsllpport to, :bein position on -.a right car asshown in Fig. 1, and the forward loop to-zbe tent transversely alonglinger-6 in i 3 iihcnviewing the receding portions of the wires oftha-forwardloop M a1ong'thc.1ine.CL-in the fliE tiQn-of ,arroW,A,-thereceding wire .29 (Fig.6.) lies forward y an inwardly .of wire 21 andapproaches the mi ht l8,of the saddle at a lesser ans-1c. from thehorizon alyas shown in Bi Nowassnm-in the Wires whichform the rear lo pto he ut transversely en l .5.5 in Bi 3, then viewing the wires .23andz5 along line-.C -fL,

.andia ainzinthe general-direction of arrow A, the

when .(Fias) liesinwar y-of and slisht ya v the wire andat substantiallythe same angle ofv'mclination from the horizontal.

Preferably the longitudinal curvature of the saddle I2 is such that thebight 48 of the saddle bridges the face of the inner U, M, so that it isfree therefrom, as shown in Fig. 3. With the longitudinal curvature ofthe saddle so adjusted and the saddle shaped so that the lower surfacesof the wing loops [4 and (6 of the saddle 12 make contact with the innerface K of the tragus and the inner face J of the anti-tragus,respectively, transverse rocking, as] well .Las rocking of the saddleforwardly and rearwardly, i. 'efilongitudinally, is prevented. It is tobe understood that the exact shape may vary considerably and stillprovide the advantages pointed out above, such wide variation in primaryconstruction being feasible because of the nature of the material andstructure which-permit bending of the saddle to alter the transverseconfiguration of the forward .andrearl-loops M and IE or thelongitudinal curvature of the saddle so that the support may be fitted,by pliers or other means, to the shape .Whichismostcomfortableand-effective onvta particularycar. V I

The two sections :of elongated metal or wire .fromwhichthe saddleispreferably formedextend outwardlyat an angle from the bight of thesaddle to form .a body portion-saddle bridge 22, This bridge isconstructed advantageously .so that the; two pieces, of Wire which formthebridge are adjacent to one another as shown :in.Fig. '8.

These two :sectionsof wire are, bent generally downwardly at theoutermost portion of the bridge 22 toform body portion 24. --One ofthese pieces ,of wire extends downwardly :a short .distance,- formsrearwardly extending U shaped loop 26, for the-purpose of providingadjustability as described below, and-continues,thencedownward lyover;the.0uter face of .therpinnaeA. The other section of wire extendsdownwardly, adjacent to the first section, to its free -end, which maybe, for example, just above theloopzt, as ;at 2.8 .(Fig..8 V

The wire, .or othermaterial which forms the body-portion .24 continues-.downwardly from the loop .216 iandcurves inwardly around the lobe H,forminga :bod-y portion-retainer bridge 32, and thence generallyupwardly and-rearwardly at the junction 1- between the pinna and thehead, to form the retainer 34.

Preferably, in'use, the distance between point 43 (Fig. 8) and thelowermost point on the-body portion-retainer bridge '32 is less than thedistancebetween the top portion-of the .outer UhL, and the lowermostportion of .lobe H, and is, preferably, slightly greater than thedistance between the lowermost portion .of the outer U, L, and thejunction I, and is preferably less than the distance between thejunction ,1 and the top portion, of the .outer U. This relationship, .ofcourse, depends upon the configuration of the particular ear with whichthe device is used.

Theretainer .34 fits loosely behind the .lobe of the ear so that itdoes-not-apply a clamping action thereto but provides an interlockingstructure whichpreventsthe lowermost portion of the support 10 fromswinging outwardly away from the head, which would cause the support'tobecome disengaged from the ear. The retainer ,34 extending rearwardlybehind the ear is not intended .tocontact the back of the ear but to bein: close proximity thereto so that if; the head of the wearer is moved.so that the pinna of the ear faces downwardly, the bodyportion-retainer bridge 32 of the support and the retainer 34 willengageat the bottom and behind the .lobeof the ornam'entisecuring flap.

carand prevent-the bottom'ot the earring from swinging outwardly.'Thus,'theearringisupport is maintained imposition by an interlockingaction and not i by clamping "or pressure exerting structuresflxj-j it:I y r-l: r #Des'cribing the support, when' the wings are bent .toiconforrn'to the particular ear illustrated in-thedrawing; the singlelength of wire forming the support may be -traced along its. length asfollows :"starting at end .28 .(Fig; 8) the wire extends upwardly to thepoint lfi, forming part ofthe: body portion 24, makes an angular turnextendingthence a short distance to form one section of the bodyportion-saddlei'bridge. 22;

,This'wire then makes an angular turn extending generally forwardly andupwardly thence around a generally U--:shapedbend and returning, at alesserjangle from" the horizontal, ,to the bight 18 of the'fsaddle: IEto form the forward wing iloop |4.; The wirecontinues. from this pointgenerall backwardly and upwardly through .a. secondgenerally; U-shapedbend and returns downwardly andforwardlyt'othe bight it of the saddle.I2 to form the rear, wing loopal 6s. The wirethen makes an angularturnand extends/immediately:adjacent thesectionv of the .bodyportion-saddle bridge 2'2 and' body: .pjortionj, previouslyde-iscribed,;to,a pointadjacentend 28. This portion of the-wiresupportcontinues downwardly, forms,- the rearwardly extending -;adjustmentloop; 2'5. andthence downwardly-to form the remainder'of body portion'Z-l. The wire ,then' curves, gradually,

' inwardly, upwardly and: rearwardly forming the body portionretainer;bridge 32 and the---re-;-,

tainer 34.-.-- 1 it is, ct course, to be understood that the. wings aswell as the other portions of-the supportmay orderto reinforce the wiresupport" iii and secure-the end voi -the wire-to the-body portion 2%. jand at the sametirne providea convenient-meansfor securing; to :thesupport a; suitable ornament,

example, as illustrated at S6 in Fig. :1'-1',1a flap-3generally.indicatedat'38 '(Figs. :l, 9, 10, 11) is provided; The flap38-includes aclamp portion 42 which substantially surroundsa shortlength] of wire adiacent the free end -28;and a contiguous portion ofthe body -and is securely fastened thereto, preferably by crimping, sothat the structure is maintained in positionby'aclamping to conto'rm toears of various configurm;

action, eliminating the need for soldering or other difficult andexpensive mechanical operations.

This clamp 42, which as stated above sccures'one. of the free endspfthe'length of wirefrom which the support-H! is formed to the contiguouspor tion ofthe body, provides-a; rigid reinforced body section so thatthe support will maintain thedesired configuration and so that it=may bemore? readily adjustedby bending, With the bending actionoccurring-rnost readily-at the points best suited to producing the,desired changes in configuration.

.Advantageonsly, thej'fiap- 38 includes an ornament Isecuring extensionit-which is formed integrally with the ,clamlpip ortion lit and extendsdownwardly and rearwardly therefrom adjacent; but'free fromg. the loop 26. It isto beunderstood that the clam portion 42 may beconstructedwithout'the ornament securing ,extensionfi the earring decoration beingsecured directly to the wire support or to alseparate base onthe 5 .25.Howevenjobviousadvantages and economies" result from'use of acombination clamping and the-earring is to-be worn.

1 :The ornamentsecuring extension. iofth'erfiap Aliextends' over theloop'26 andisfree'therefromin; order that the full. deformability of theloop may bentilized for adiustmentzpurposes. Thus,- if it is desired tochangeitheverticallength of the body portion, 1. e. thedistance'betweenpoint 46 (Fig. .8).'and the body portion retainer bridge 32,to.alter:the overall length of: the supportiinaccordance-with-thevertical distancebetween the outer U, 'L, andthe junction I of theparticular, ear on which the earring is to be worn, thecon figuration ofthe loop 26 may be changed without interference by the ornamentfsecuringextension 44 and-without danger of causing thedecorative portion ofthegearring, to;- be disengaged; accidentally, from the support. Thusthe support may; be readilyadjusted, by shortening or;.1engthening, toadapt it to ears of difierent dimensions and so that nevertheless thedistancebetween point 46 and the body portion-retainer bridge will-beless than the distance from" the outer U L,;to the lowermost portionofthe'lobe I-I. In; addition, the configuration of the body portionretainer bridge32, the retainer 34, and the longi tudinal and transverseconfiguration of. 10013544? and I 6; may be; altered, by bending, t0acgornmodate the support, to the particulal."

he fiap- 38 maybe providedwiththe securing extension 44 having a fiatsmooth: surface, as shown in Fig. 1, to which a suitable orna ment maybe secured, for example, by: welding,

soldering or cementing. Additionally, thegornament securing extension44A-is shown in Fig; 9

provided with atransverse openingas at,:5 2,in order topermit attachmentrivetingIorstakin-g'. I

It is often more convenient however, to secure,

the ornament to the iiapby cementing, as for example, with quick-drying'lacquer typBimate-; v rials. When the; extension M is :provided with aqfiat smooth surfaceasin Fig. 1 the adherence of; the: ornament dependsprimaril-yqon the. surface adhesion between-the extension and thecement-,1 have provided for an; -abraded or undercut surface whereby thecement when hardened "will anchor the ornament securely to the extension44. For example, the extension A (Fig; 9, and MB in Figs. 10 and 11-}maybe ,provided with several inwardly extending cavi- 'ties or openings54, for example, such as would be formed by a pointed'or Wedge, Shapedtool, and

which preferably have at least onesurface which forms an acute anglerelative to the'surfaceof-v the extension A. Thus, whenthe ornament35-is secured-to the extension MB, asshown in Fig.v

11,- by cement 56, the cement penetrates these. openings and whenhardened produces an anchoring eiiect so that the suriaceadhesionotthegcement is effectively increased and the ornament will be anchored inplace so that it cannot be dis-' lodged except by a force sufficientlylargeto overcome the self-tenacity or internal cohesion; of the cement,which is higher ordinarilythan the surface adhesion between theextension 44 and the cement 56.. .7; I further, the: securing ofornamental decorations to the support, the'ex- In order p to facilitate,

tension MB, (Figs. 10 and ii) may be" provided with a concave orcupshaped portion 58. This shape is sometimes better fitted to theconfiguration of the ornamentand provides an inherently more rigidstructure. The-cup 58 may be pro-, vided-optionally with the anchoringopenings 5! .and/or the transverse opening 52. In Fig. 11 the 1 of onamen s. b

cement L56 which has filled openings :514 and, in. addition, by arivetzortpin 62- which' extends' through the hole: 52' i'ntoi'the:ornament;

It: will be .observeditha't the earring support and mounting describedherein provides .a simplifled structure-and reduces the complexity ofthe manufacturing processes, for example, by eliminating all solderingor welding operations and, in addition, provides reinforcement of thesupport by the ornament securing vflap. Itisto be further observed thatalthough the flap serves to reinforce the support it doesnot in anymanner interferewith the adjustability of the support and is constructedso that a :wide variety of ornamental decorations may besecured theretoconveniently-and rapidly. V

The term deformable, used in the description, is intended to mean thatthe element is bendable to assume forms other than its original "form,

and that it'will remain in itsnew'form until again bent to its originalor still another form; thus being distinguished from resilient andnon-deformable or unbendable.

Although I have illustrated and described particular embodiments of theinvention, it will be realized by those skilled in the art that variouschanges may be made in the details of the con-v struction withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention or without exceeding thescope of the claims. I

Iclaim;

.1; An earring c m a support. formed 6f asingle length of deformablematerial and having a'saddle with forwardly and 'rearwardly extendingwings adapted to seat on the innersurfaces of'the pinna of a human ear,a body-portion-saddle bridge extending outwardly at an anglefrom saidsaddle, a body portion formed at least in part by two parallel adjacentsections of said material and extending downwardly from saidbody-portion-saddle-bridge and adapted to traverse the outer face of theear lobe substantially fromthe bottom of the outer U tothe junctionbetween the ear lobe and the head and having 'a rearwardly extendingadjusting loop portion, a body-portion-retainer-bridge curving generallybackwardly fromsaid body portion and adapted to fit loosely around andunder the lobe of the ear, and a retainer extending backwardly andupwardly from said body-portion-retainerbridge and adapted'to fitloosely behind the lobe to 'maintain said saddle in its seated position;a flap having a clamp portion crimped around said adjacent sections ofmaterial of said body portion thereby to reinforce the body portion andhaving an ornament securing extension formed integrally with andextending from said clamp portion adjacent, but free from, said bodyportion.

2. An earring-as described in claim 1 wherein said flap is provided witha transverse'hole for riveting or staking an ornament thereto.

3. An earring as described in claim'l wherein said ornament securingextensionis provided with acup-shaped surfacefor receivingan ornament.

' 4L earring as described in claim 1 wherein said ornament'securingextension is provided with a plurality of undercut surfaces so that anornamentmay be secured by the anchoring action of cement against saidsurfaces.

5, An earring comprisingya support having a saddle with forwardly andrearwardly extending wings adapted .toseat :onithe inner surface:Qtthapinna of :a human car, a "bodyportion-saddlebridge extendinggat anangle-ifrom saidisaddle', a body portion extending downwardly-from'zsaidadapted to;

5 body-portion-saddle-bridge and traverse the outer iace of the,earlobe, .;a bodyportioneretainer-bridge aextending :arcuately "from"the .lower end of "the said body portion and adaptedto fitloosely-aroundthelobe of :the can 10 and a retainer. extending'ba'ckwardly and :up-

wardly from said :body-ep.ortion-retainer-=bridge and adaptedtofitloosely behin'dthe lobe-to prevent said saddle from being dislodged fromits seated positionduring-zuse, said support being formed principallyaofelongated deformable materiaLsaid portion comprising contiguous, sub

engagement to reinforce said body :portion, and

an ornament-securing extensionsupported by and extending'fromlsaidclamp' portion.

6. An earring comprising: a support having a saddle with forwardlyand'ere'arwardly extending wings adapted to seat ontheinnersurfacesof'the' pinna of a'human ear abody-portion-saddle- 3o" bridgeextending at an angle from said saddle, a

body portion extending downwardly from said body-portion-saddlebridgeand adapted to traverse the outer-.face of the ear ldbeand including anadjustment loop portion, said body portion 5? comprising contiguous,substantially parallel elements one of which terminatesin a free 'end'adjacent said adjustmentloop, a body-portion-re tamer-bridge arc'uatelyextending from the lower end of said body portion and adapted to fitloosely 4% around the lobe of the ear, and a retainer extendingbackwardly and upwardly from said bodyportion-retainer bridge andadapted to fit loosely behind the lobe to prevent said saddle'from beingdislodged from its seated position during use; said support being formedof elongated material those parts being deformable which form thesaddle, loop portion, body-portion-retainerbridge and retainer; and aclamp portion substantially enclosing said free end of said material 5mma contiguous section of said body holding them in tight frictionalengagement thereby to reinforce said body.

'7. An earring comprising: a support having a saddle with forwardly andrearwardly extending wings adapted to seat on the inner surfaces of thepinna of a human ear, a body-portion-saddlebridge extending at ananglefrom said saddle, a body portion extending downwardly from saidbody-portion-sadd1e bridge and adapted to travb erse the outer faceofthe ear lobe, said body portion comprising contiguous substantiallyparallel elements one of which terminates in a free end,

a body-portion-retainer-bridge arcuately extending from the lower end ofsaid body portion and adapted to fit loosely aroundlthelobe of the ear,and a retainer. extending backwardly and 11p wardly from saidbody-portion-retainer andbridge, and the retainer are formed; and a flapsecured to said body portion and having an ornament securing extensionwhich is provided with a plurality of undercut surfaces whereby anornament may be securely and firmly anchored to elongated material andincluding a saddle having forwardly and rearwardly extending wing loopsand adapted to engage in the ooncha of the pinna of an ear forsupporting the weight of an ornament, a body portion supported by saidsaddle and adapted to carry an earring ornament, an adjustment 100pformed integrally with said body portion and adapted to be bent in orderto fit said :support to a particular ear configuration and size, :saidbody portion comprising. contiguous, substantially parallel elements oneof which terzminates in a free end adjacent said adjustment loop, aretainer extending from said body portion and adapted to engage looselybehind the. lobe :of the pinna to prevent displacementof the earringsupport from the pinna during 1 e, a clamp portion adjacent said freeend of said material and holding a contiguous section of said bodyportion in firm engagement therewith, an ornament supporting extensionsupported by said clamp portion, and an ornament secured to andsupported by said extension.

9. An earring supportformed ofdeformable elongated material andincluding a "saddle having forwardly and rearwardly extending wing loopsand adapted to engage in the concha of they pinna of an ear forsupporting the weight of an ornament, a body portion supported by saidsaddle and adapted to carry an earring ornament, an adjustment loopformed integrally with said body portion and adapted to be bent in orderto fit said support to a particular ear configuration and size, saidportion comprising contiguous, substantially parallel elements one ofwhich terminates in a free end adjacent said adjustment loop, a

retainer extending from said body portion and adapted to engage looselybehind the lobe of the pinna to prevent displacement of the earringsupport from the pinna during use, and a clamp portion adjacent saidfree end of said material and holding a contiguous section of said bodyportion in firm engagementtherewith.

10. In an earring construction, the combination of, a saddle which isadapted to rest at the bottom of the concha of an ear and comprising acontinuous piece of deformable wire bent into an elongated loop with theends of the wire positioned in side by side contiguous relationship andadapted to project outwardly along the outer U of the ear and with saidloop having two portions projecting oppositely from each other andtransversely of said ends of the wire, and an orna- REFERENCES CITED 7The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 20,480 Carpenter June 8, 1858796,151 Sadler Aug. 1. 1905 2,040,083 Elliott et al May 12, 19362,389,295 Chernow Nov. 20, 1945 2,414,382 McCann Jan. 14, 1947 2,490,908Kohler Dec. 13, 1949 1 2,511,170 McCann June 13, 1950

